Fig. 2

Expressions and distributions of Pax6, GFAP, Olig2 and Sox10 in HCP. A Pax6 gene and protein expressions increased in HCP compared with control brain tissue at E105. As gestation progressed, its expression decreased gradually. B From the early stages of HCP, significant increase in GFAP relative expression were observed. Western blot analysis also confirmed higher protein levels of GFAP in the hydrocephalic groups, indicating an enhanced astroglial response to HCP. C Sox10 relative gene expression and Olig2 protein level downregulated starting from E125 (Data in the bar graphs represent mean ± SEM, green bars: control, blue bars: HCP) (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01). D) Immunostainings of Pax6 (green), GFAP (red), Olig2 (magenta) and DAPI in control and hydrocephalic brains at three gestational ages E105, E125 and E140 (× 20, scale bar 50 μm). E Pax6 (green) and GFAP (red) reactive NPCs exhibited co-expression (yellow) at E105 in HCP (white arrows) (× 40, scale bar 20 μm)