Fig. 2
From: The role of the RING finger protein 213 gene in Moyamoya disease
BBB Disruption in MMD. In MMD, RNF213 contributes to the disruption of the BBB through multiple mechanisms. It directly impacts the tight junctions of ECs and mediates the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 by ECs. This, in turn, activates plasma cells and regulates the expression of aquaporin-4 antibodies, ultimately exacerbating the breakdown of the BBB